The impact of the environment on connector usage
Release time:
2025-12
Other environmental performance characteristics of electrical connectors include sealing, liquid immersion, and low-pressure resistance.
Other environmental performance characteristics of electrical connectors include sealing, liquid immersion, and low-pressure conditions. In certain standards, the maximum allowable temperature rise of a connector under its rated operating current is explicitly specified. The test conditions for constant damp-heat testing are a relative humidity of 90% to 95% and a temperature of +40 ± 20℃; the duration of the test, as specified by the product, must be at least 96 hours. Since current flowing through the contact points during connector operation generates heat, causing a temperature rise, it is generally accepted that the operating temperature equals the ambient temperature plus the temperature rise at the contacts. In impact tests, the peak acceleration, duration, and waveform of the impact pulse, as well as the duration of any interruption in electrical continuity, should be clearly defined.
Vibration and Shock: Resistance to vibration and shock is an essential function of electrical connectors, particularly critical in specialized application environments such as aerospace, aviation, rail transport, and road transportation. It serves as an important indicator for assessing the robustness of the connector’s mechanical structure and the reliability of its electrical contacts. To evaluate the ability of electrical connectors to withstand such environmental conditions, a salt-spray test has been established. In this test, the connector is suspended inside a temperature-controlled test chamber, where a sodium chloride solution of a specified concentration is atomized by compressed air to create a salt-spray atmosphere. The duration of exposure is defined by the product specifications and must be at least 48 hours.
Temperature resistance: Currently, the connector’s maximum operating temperature is 200℃, and its minimum operating temperature is -65℃.
Salt Spray Resistance: When connectors operate in environments containing moisture and salt, the metal structural components and surface treatment layers of their contacts may undergo electrochemical corrosion, thereby affecting the connectors’ physical and electrical performance.
Moisture resistance: The ingress of moisture can impair the insulation performance of connections and cause corrosion of metal parts.
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